The Basics of Canine Behavior

Positive Reinforcement

Times are changing!

Year after year, more and more studies are conducted on our behavior—yes, we dogs! And these studies show that we respond much better and are happier when our humans use positive training methods. I’d like to say it loud and clear: it’s time to move on from myths about dominance between dogs, interspecies submission, and punishment-based training.

Why?

Just like human children, we don’t really understand punishment. Our mental health and overall development are much better when we’re praised and rewarded.

How?

At its core, positive reinforcement is a mindset. Once you understand the basics, you can work on all kinds of behaviors and even teach us cool new tricks!

What is positive reinforcement?

Positive reinforcement means rewarding a behavior you want to see happen again. You give the dog something they like (a treat, toy, petting, or praise) immediately after they do the right thing.

Simple example: Dog sits → You say “Yes!” → You give a treat.

Redirecting Attention

Did the dog you’re caring for jump on the kitchen counter or bolt out the door?

Instead of yelling “No” or something similar, try calling them in a cheerful voice, shaking a bag of treats, or squeaking their favorite toy. They’ll be much more likely to come back than if you scold them. You can even ask them to do a trick to fully refocus their attention on you.

What Positive Reinforcement Is Not:

• It’s not ignoring bad behavior without doing anything.

• It’s not spoiling the dog or letting them do whatever they want.

• It’s not a lack of rules—it’s a different way of teaching them.

  
  

How to Use It in Practice:

• Watch for behaviors you want to encourage. Filming yourself can be very revealing!

• Reward immediately (within 1–2 seconds).

• Use a variety of rewards (treats, toys, attention).

• Be consistent: everyone in the household should reward the same behaviors.

💬 You can also use a bridge word like “Yes!” or a click from a clicker to mark the behavior to reward.

Examples of Behaviors to Reinforce:

• Coming when called

• Trading an item for a treat

• Looking at the human instead of reacting

• Going to their bed

• Walking without pulling on the leash

And What About “Bad” Behaviors?

Instead of punishing, we:

• Redirect: If the dog jumps up, ask them to sit instead.

• Manage the environment: Avoid putting the dog in situations where they’ll fail.

• Reinforce the alternative: Praise them when they keep all four paws on the ground and/or stay calm.

Why Is This Ideal for a Rescue Dog?

• They gently learn to feel safe.

• It helps them adapt to a new environment.

• They understand what’s expected of them without being punished.

• They build trust with humans.

• They make faster progress because they’re motivated.

Mental Stimulation

An Activity That Tires Them Out!

Mental stimulation means anything that makes the dog’s brain work. It’s just as important as physical exercise—especially for dogs on rest or those with lots of energy.

A mentally tired dog is usually calmer, more balanced, and less destructive. Dogs are intelligent, curious animals who enjoy solving problems.

Why Is It Important in a Foster Home?

• It reduces stress in a new environment.

• It encourages adaptation and builds trust.

• It helps you get to know the dog: are they smart, observant, playful?

• It keeps them occupied when alone, crated, or resting on their bed.

Food-Based Games

• Stuffed Kong or Topple (freeze for longer-lasting fun)

• Lick mats (with wet food or peanut butter)

• Interactive bowls or snuffle mats for kibble

• Chewing on safe bones or flavored toys (like Benebone)

Simple Training Activities

• Work on basic cues: sit, paw, spin, stay, down, come, etc.

• Teach a new trick each week

• Keep sessions short (about 5 minutes), multiple times a day if possible

• Use high-value treats

Handling and Interaction

• Let them tear up a cardboard box with treats hidden inside

• Use treat-dispensing toys (dog puzzles)

• Desensitize them to nail trims and other grooming tasks

Frequently Asked Questions

How much time per day?

Short sessions of 10–15 minutes, 2–3 times a day, are often enough to make a big difference. Energetic dogs may need longer or more frequent sessions.

When?

It’s up to you! Try before leaving for work, during dinner, while the dog is crated, before a walk, when they’re too excited, etc.

What level of difficulty?

Always tailor games to your dog’s level—not too hard, not too easy. Increase difficulty gradually. Don’t force a dog who’s not engaged; go at their pace.

How to start?

Supervise play at first to prevent accidents or frustration. Keep the tone positive—it’s meant to be fun! If an activity is frustrating (e.g. too hard), try something else.

Written by Mégane Bigot de La Touanne